Unsteadiness
is an important feature of heat transfer in engine manifolds.
In order to understand how unsteadiness affects heat transfer,
the authors developed two-stage unsteady models based on dimensional
analysis of the boundary layer momentum equation and a turbulent
decay relation. In Stage I, the heat transfer rate exhibits
a phase delay from the velocity variation. Hence, the heat transfer
coefficient is not only a function of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers,
but also a function of the velocity changing rate. In Stage
II, the heat transfer rate experiences a decay process related
to a turbulence decay process. A fundamental pipe flow device
was established to identify the criterion of dividing the two-stage
heat transfer process and validate the unsteady heat transfer
models. The validated unsteady heat transfer models were applied
to the heat transfer analysis of an engine intake manifold.
Unsteady model predictions agree well with measured heat transfer
data.